What is the function of fletching on an arrow?

The function of fletching on an arrow is to stabilize the arrow in flight. Fletching consists of the feathers or vanes attached to the back end of the arrow shaft. When an arrow is released, it begins to spin, and the drag created by the fletching helps to stabilize this spin, keeping the arrow flying straight and true toward its target. This stabilization is essential, particularly at longer distances, where any deviation can lead to significant inaccuracies in flight.

While decoration may be a consideration for some archers, the primary purpose of fletching is functional rather than aesthetic. The weight of the fletching plays a minimal role in the overall weight of the arrow and does not significantly affect its performance. Fletching does not aid in aiming either; proper form and sight alignment are necessary for accurate shooting. Therefore, stabilizing the arrow during its flight is the crucial role fletching serves.